IEEE 2012 NEW PROJECTS FOR INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING

IEEE Project for Instrumentation Engineering

REVAMPING INDUSTRIAL REVERSE OSMOSIS  PROCESS USING PLC

ABSTRACT:

•         In present day scenario, energy conservation & recycling plays a major role.

•         Hence in refineries, utilization of groundwater is to be avoided. So, utilization of nearby sea water is done.

•         Presently,it is being controlled by a dedicated controller provided by original equipment manufacturer.

•         Because of the dedicated controller, diagnostic functions, troubleshooting and modification of the logic are unable to be performed.

•         Hence it is proposed to have a flexible Programmable Logic Controller(PLC) to replace the dedicated controller.

•         This project covers hardware design of the PLC & ladder logic software design of the entire process.

SYSTEM ANALYSIS

 Existing System

·        Presently the Reverse Osmosis plant is being controlled by solid state microcontroller devices.

·        Each equipment has a microcontroller device which is to be checked simultaneously and frequently.

·        Microcontrollers cannot withstand industry environment.

  Limitations of existing system

·        Due to microcontroller devices, diagnostic functions become difficult.

·        Number of components more.

·        Modification of logic is impossible. The entire board has to be replaced.

·        The process flow gets interrupted when the microcontroller device fails.

·        Fault identification is difficult.

  Proposed System

·        The proposed system is using a PLC in place of microcontroller devices.

·        Modification of logic is simple in PLC.

·        Programming will be easier.

Block Diagram of RO plant

 PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER

            A programmable logic controller (PLC) or programmable controller is a digital computer used for automation of electromechanical processes, such as control of machinery on factory assembly lines, amusement rides, or light fixtures.

           PLCs are used in many industries and machines. Unlike general-purpose computers, the PLC is designed for multiple inputs and output arrangements, extended temperature ranges, immunity to electrical noise, and resistance to vibration and impact. Programs to control machine operation are typically stored in battery-backed-up or non-volatile memory.

 Equipments to be controlled by PLC in RO process:

·        Filter

·        Feed Pump

·        pH meter

·        Alarm indication

These are the main components which we are dealing with. By creating ladder logic program separately for each equipment and also inner equipments we can improve the efficiency of RO plant. Also diagnostic capability and modification of logic is possible.

The main concept of the project is to automate the RO plant process without any interrupts by using Redundant process.

Conclusion:

•      Some of the main advantages of our project is that the plant which was earlier controlled by microprocessors and PLCs,can now be controlled fully by PLC.

•      This will help the company to gain more control over all the equipments and errors can be rectified more easily.

•      The plant can be saved from damages to life,property and the environment in a more safe and efficient manner

•      This will increase the efficiency and safety protection of the plant.

•      Error detection is easy in this project,so the operator can easily debug the plant at minimal time.

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IEEE 2012 Projects , New Project Ideas , Ieee project for Instrumentation engineering